Choose your substitute based on the dish: Bosc pear or Fuji apple for marinades; jicama or Korean melon for fresh salads; pineapple juice for quick tenderizing.
Grate or prepare the substitute as needed, matching the texture when possible (e.g., grate pears and apples, grate jicama just before serving).
Apply the substitute at the recommended ratio: typically 1:1 by weight except pineapple juice at half the amount.
Adjust marinating or serving times accordingly: pineapple juice needs only 30 minutes max; pears and apples require 2-4 hours for tenderizing.
Check texture and taste after integrating the substitute and season to balance any flavor differences.